Investigation of proton pump inhibitors binding with bovine serum albumin and their relationship to molecular structure

The interactions of three proton pump inhibitors (PPIs), omeprazole, pantoprazole and ilaprazole with bovine serum albumin (BSA) have been investigated by fluorescence, synchronous fluorescence, ultraviolet–visible (UV–vis) and circular dichroism (CD). Various binding parameters have been calculated at various temperatures. The results indicated that omeprazole, pantoprazole and ilaprazole had a strong ability to quench the intrinsic fluorescence of BSA with static quenching mechanism, and the binding affinities were significantly affected by different substituents and polarities as the order ilaprazole>pantoprazole>omeprazole. The site marker competitive experiments indicated that the binding of omeprazole, pantoprazole and ilaprazole to BSA primarily took place in subdomain IIA. The results of thermodynamic parameters ΔG, ΔH and ΔS indicated that electrostatic interaction played a major role for PPIs–BSA association. The distance r between PPIs and BSA was evaluated according to the theory of Förster's energy transfer. The quantitative analysis of synchronous fluorescence and CD spectra showed the change in secondary structure of the BSA upon interaction with PPIs by a reduction of α-helix. All the above results many have relevant insight into the PPIs' availability and distribution.