Alkaline Phosphatase-based Electrochemical Analysis for Point-of-Care Testing

Point-of-care testing (POCT) devices have evolved to provide beneficial information about an individual's health whenever needed. Enzyme-based analytical devices have facilitated the highly selective detection of numerous biological molecules and ions. Enzymes are commonly used as the tags of recognition components, such as antibodies, to generate and amplify detection signals. Particularly, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) is one of the most widely used enzymes because of its high turnover number and low cost. Rapid response time and the incorporation of many sensors fabricated by micro/nano processing technologies are the advantages in using electrochemical devices as analytical tools. Therefore, ALP-based electrochemical devices have potential applications for more practical POCT platforms. This review summarizes recent research progress of ALP-based electrochemical devices for POCT. In addition to ALP substrates, the application of ALP-based immunosensors, aptasensors, and DNAzyme sensors are discussed.