互叶白千层不同部位油细胞分布及显微拉曼光谱研究

为避免复杂的制样提取过程，在天然状态下获得植物样品油细胞中精油的成分，用显微拉曼光谱仪，得到互叶白千层同一植株不同部位的油细胞的分布及油细胞中的主成分。对各部位的显微镜观察发现在软枝干中不存在油细胞或者很少，老叶中的油细胞没有新叶中的多。在老叶油细胞上获得的谱峰中，1 675和726 cm-1为4-萜烯醇的特征峰, 归属为C═C伸缩振动和环的变形振动；1 700和754 cm-1为γ-松油烯的特征峰，归属为C═C伸缩振动和环的变形振动；1 609 cm-1为α-松油烯的特征峰，归属为C═C伸缩振动；1 522，1 156和1 011 cm-1为β-胡萝卜素的的特征峰，分别归属为C═C伸缩振动、C-C伸缩振动和C-C面内摇摆振动。在新叶油细胞上获得的谱峰中，745 cm-1为顺香桧烯水合物的特征峰，归属为环变形振动；1 609 cm-1为α-松油烯的特征峰；1 525，1 160和1 008 cm-1为β-胡萝卜素的的特征峰；老叶与新叶油细胞中的主成分不完全相同，老叶中油细胞精油为γ-松油烯-4-萜烯醇-α-松油烯型，而新叶中油细胞中的精油为顺香桧烯水合物-α-松油烯型。老叶、新叶的共有物为：α-松油烯、β-胡萝卜素。β-胡萝卜素及顺香桧烯水合物为首次在互叶白千层中发现。利用该方法可迅速的确定植株油细胞的主成分，为互叶白千层精油提取提供有益参考。

Oil Cells Distribution on Different Parts of Melaleuca Alternifolia and Its Research by Micro-Raman Spectroscopy

In order to identify the ingredient in Melaleuca alternifolia oil cells at room temperature,and avoid sample pretreatment and extractions,which can be labour-intensive.Oil Cells Distribution on Different Parts of Melaleuca alternifolia and the principal component in oil cells have been studied by Micro-Raman Spectrometer.It has been found that there are barely any oil cells on the soft branches.There are more oil cells on new leaves compared to mature leaves.In Raman spectroscopy of mature leaf of oil cells,1675/726 cm^-1(C=C stretching/ring deformation)are a characteristic key band of terpinene-4-ol,1700/754 cm^-1(C=C stretching/ring deformation)forγ-terpinene,1609 cm^-1(C=C stretching)forα-terpinene and 1522/1156/1011 cm^-1(C=C stretching/C—C stretching/C—C in-plane rocking)for β-carotene.In Raman spectroscopy of new leaves oil cells,745 cm^-1(ring deformation)is a characteristic key band of cis-sabinene hydrate,1609 cm^-1 for α-terpinene and 1522/1160/1008 cm^-1 for β-carotene.The principal components are different in oil cells of new and mature leaves.It is the first report that there are cis-sabinene hydrate and β-carotene in oil cells of Melaleuca alternifolia.This method can be used for quality control and developmental research for Melaleuca alternifolia plant essential oil extraction.