不同微肥处理下油菜产量与高光谱反射率关系分析

油菜是我国第一大国产植物油来源，大田生产中需要施加适量的微肥以提高产量和品质。筛选出一种可提高油菜产量的微肥配方需要经过复杂的大田统计和产量测定，因此构建出能快速筛选微肥的模型十分重要。以高油酸油菜“帆鸣1号”为试验材料，使用地物波谱仪测定了不同微肥条件下全生育期的光谱反射率，并用乙醇提取法准确测定叶绿素含量。将光谱反射率、叶绿素含量和最终产量性状两两间进行相关性分析。产量测定表明，施加微肥可以提高油菜产量和蕾薹期时叶绿素的含量，使单株产量最高提高2%。光谱参数与叶绿素相关性分析表明，蕾薹期时叶绿素含量与光谱参数550和720 nm相关性较高，表明蕾薹期光谱参数可用于预测产量进而筛选出能提高油菜产量的微肥。叶绿素含量和产量相关性分析表明，蕾薹期时，叶绿素含量与产量相关性较高。光谱参数与产量相关分析表明，550和720 nm的光谱反射率与产量之间均呈显著负相关性。光谱参数与产量相关分析表明，550和720 nm的反射率与产量之间均呈显著负相关性。综合分析施肥量、光谱参数、产量和叶绿素变化可知，蕾薹时光谱参数550和720 nm与产量相关系数模拟的线性方程可用于微肥的筛选，线性方程分别为y=-32.362x+33.097，y=4.069 5x+35.386，y=28.849x+23.735，y=-19.023x+31.005，y=12.447x+24.586，R2均大于0.6。综合分析施肥量、光谱参数、产量和叶绿素变化，油菜生长至蕾薹期时光谱参数550和720 nm与产量相关系数模拟的线性方程R2≥0.6时的微肥配比可以使产量提升。本研究结果表明，蕾薹期光谱参数可用于预测产量进而筛选出能提高油菜产量的微肥，可增加样本量进一步检测相关性并开展后续验证。鉴于地物波谱检测技术具有过程高效，不使用化学试剂，无需对样本进行破坏性取样，成本低，该模型的建立对开展大规模高油酸油菜微肥配方的快速筛选具有重要意义，为筛选油菜微肥和促进油菜产量研究提供了理论基础。

Analysis of the Relationship Between Hyperspectral Reflectance and Yield of Rape Under Different Micro Fertilizer Conditions

Rape is the largest domestic plant oil source in China.It is necessary to apply appropriate micro fertilizer in field production to improve yield and quality.It is very important to build a model which can quickly screen the micronutrient fertilizer to improve the yield of rape.In this research,the spectral reflectance of high oleic acid rape“FanMing No.1”in the whole growth period under different micro fertilizer conditions was measured by ground object spectrometer.And chlorophyll content was accurately determined by ethanol extraction method.The correlation between spectral reflectance,chlorophyll content and final yield was analyzed.The yield test showed that the application of micro fertilizer could increase the yield of rape and the content of chlorophyll at the bolting stage.It could increase the yield of a single plant by up to 2%.The correlation analysis of spectral parameters and chlorophyll showed that the correlation between chlorophyll content and spectral parameters was high at 550 and 720 nm,which indicated that the spectral parameters could be used to predict yield and screen out the micro fertilizer which could improve the yield of rape.The correlation analysis of chlorophyll content and yield showed that the correlation between chlorophyll content and yield was high at the bolting stage.The correlation analysis between the spectral parameters and the yield showed that there was a significant negative correlation between the reflectivity of 550 and 720 nm and the yield.The correlation analysis between the spectral parameters and the yield showed that there was a significant negative correlation between the reflectivity of 550 and 720 nm and the yield.Comprehensive analysis of fertilization,spectral parameters,yield and chlorophyll changes showed that the linear equation of the correlation coefficient between the spectral parameters 550 and 720 nm and yield could be used to screen the micro fertilizer,and the linear equation was y=-32.362x+33.097,y=4.0695x+35.386,y=28.849x+23.735,y=-19.023x+31.005,y=12.447x+24.586,and R 2 was greater than 0.6.Comprehensive analysis of fertilization,spectral parameters,yield and chlorophyll changes showed that the yield of rape increased when the linear equation R%2≥0.6,which was stimulated by the spectral parameters 550 and 720 nm and the yield correlation coefficient,was applied.The results show that the spectral parameters of bolting stage can be used to predict the yield and then screen out the micronutrient fertilizer that can improve the yield of rape,which will increase the sample size to further detect the correlation and carry out subsequent verification.In view of the high efficiency of the process with no chemical reagents and destructive sampling of the samples and low cost,the establishment of the model is of great significance for the rapid screening of the formulation of high oleic acid rape micronutrient fertilizer,which provides a theoretical basis for screening the micronutrient fertilizer and promoting the yield of rape.