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Geometric phase as a simple closed-form integral
Authors:Apoorva G Wagh  Veer Chand Rakhecha
Institution:(1) Solid State Physics Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, 400 085 Bombay, India
Abstract:For a general evolution of a quantal system, the geometric phase measured with reference to a given initial state is derived as an integral of a function of the pure state density operator by invoking the Pancharatnam connection continuously.
Keywords:Geometric phase  density operator  Pancharatnam connection
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