Institute of Mathematics, P. O. Box 631 Boho, Hanoi, Vietnam ; Institute of Mathematics, P. O. Box 631 Boho, Hanoi, Vietnam
Abstract:
It is shown that a semiperfect ring is quasi-Frobenius if and only if every closed submodule of is non-small, where denotes the direct sum of copies of the right -module and is the first infinite ordinal.