Development of Bio-inspired Composite Materials for the Detection of Traces of Silver Present in Water: Use of Taguchi Methodology to Design Low-cost Carbon Paste Electrodes |
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| Authors: | Jaime García-Melendrez Walter M Warren-Vega Ana I Zárate-Guzmán Francisco Carrasco-Marín Linda V González-Gutiérrez Luis A Romero-Cano |
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| Institution: | 1. Grupo de Investigación en Materiales y Fenómenos de Superficie. Departamento de Biotecnológicas y Ambientales, Universidad Autónoma de Guadalajara, Av. Patria 1201, C.P. 45129 Zapopan, Jalisco., Mexico;2. Grupo de Investigación en Materiales de Carbón, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Granada, Av. Fuente Nueva s/n, Granada, C.P. 18071 Spain;3. Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo Tecnológico en Electroquímica (CIDETEQ) S.C., Parque Tecnológico Sanfandila, Pedro Escobedo, Querétaro, 760703 Mexico |
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| Abstract: | Carbon Paste Electrodes (CPE) modified with Grapefruit-Peels (GP) functionalized with Urea (GPU) and, Melamine (GPM) were designed for the detection of Ag+ in water. Taguchi L9 methodology was used to determine the optimal graphite-Active material ratio. The best electrochemical response was for CPE-GPU with an 80 : 20 ratio. The results obtained showed a linear detection range between 0.5 to 28 μg L?1, with a detection limit of 0.73 μg L?1 and a limit of quantification of 1.04 μg L?1. Attributable to CPE-GPU characteristics: electroactive surface area 0.175 cm2, roughness factor 3.87, resistance 0.09 Ω and, mostly ?NH2 groups on its surface. The composite material offers a viable option to be used for the determination of silver traces in situ in industrial processes. |
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| Keywords: | Carbon Paste Electrodes Silver Detection Grapefruit Peels Bio-inspired Composite Material DOE Taguchi |
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