尿液中的纳米微晶及其与尿石形成的关系

尿石症是一种世界范围的常见病和多发病,其主要的矿物成分为草酸钙(CaOxa)等[1-2]。但至今为止,尿石症形成过程中的许多化学及物理问题尚不清楚:尿液中的微晶是怎样生长和聚集?随后又是怎样黏附到尿路细胞膜上而形成结石?正常人与尿石患者尿液中微晶的数量和尺寸等存在什么样的

Nanocrystals in Urine and Its Relationship with Urinary Stone Formation

Transmission electron microscopy(TEM),nanoparticle size analyzer and X-ray power diffraction(XRD) were used to investigate the morphology,size and the distribution of nanocrystals in urine of lithogenic patients and healthy persons,respectively.The dynamic model of the growth and aggregation of nanocrystals to form larger crystals was discussed.Most of the nanocrystals in urine of healthy persons were round with sizes ranging from 100 to 300 nm.However,nanocrystals in lithogenic urine were sharp with sizes ranging from several tens to 1 000 nm,which increased the aggregation trend of nanocrystals and the probability of urinary stone formation.Experimental results indicated that the concentration and activity of urinary inhibitors in healthy urine were higher than those in lithogenic urine and these urinary inhibitors could inhibit the growth and aggregation of nonacrystals.Results also showed that the urinary stone formation could be prevented by diminishing the size differentiation of nanocrystals in urine through physical-chemical process.