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Interrelationship between total volatile organic compounds emissions,structure and properties of natural rubber/polycaprolactone bio-blends cross-linked with peroxides |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Polymer Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology, G. Narutowicza Str. 11/12, 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland;2. Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology, G. Narutowicza Str. 11/12, 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland;3. Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, 200-240 Shanghai, China;4. Department of Resin and Additives, Institute for Color Science and Technology, P.O. Box: 16765-654, Teheran, Iran;1. Center for Advanced Materials, Qatar University, PO Box 2713, Doha, Qatar;2. Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Heyrovského nám. 2, 162 06 Praha, Czechia;1. Syracuse Biomaterials Institute, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY 13244, USA;2. Department of Biomedical and Chemical Engineering, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY 13244, USA;3. Johnson & Johnson Vision Care, Inc., Advanced Science and Technology, 7500 Centurion Parkway, Jacksonville, FL, USA;4. Boston Scientific Corporation, 100 Boston Scientific Way, Marlborough, MA, USA;1. Institute of Fundamental Technological Research, PAS, Warsaw, Poland;2. Institute of Materials Science, University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland;3. Aichi Institute of Technology, Toyota-city, Japan;4. SMP Technologies Inc., Tokyo, Japan;1. Department of Textile Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi, 110 016, India;2. Department of Civil Engineering, National Institute of Technology Rourkela, Odisha, 769008, India |
| Abstract: | Natural rubber/polycaprolactone (NR/PCL) bio-based blends with different organic peroxides were prepared using an internal batch mixer and subsequently cross-linked at 170 °C. Two types of commonly used organic peroxides, dicumyl peroxide and di(tert-butylperoxyisopropyl)benzene peroxide, were applied as free-radical initiator. Cross-linking efficiency of NR/PCL blends were investigated using oscillating disc rheometer measurements, followed by infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, differential scanning calorimetry, dynamic mechanical analysis and tensile testing. Total volatile organic compounds (TVOCs) emissions were determined using headspace analysis integrated with gas chromatography with flame ionization detector. Determined TVOCs emissions varying in range 21.6–52.1 μg/g and generally value of this parameter decreased with increasing content of PCL phase in studied blends or with application of more efficient di(tert-butylperoxyisopropyl)benzene peroxide as cross-linking agent. It was found that increasing of TVOCs parameter indicated deterioration of mechanical properties of NR/PCL blends, which corresponded with the changes in chemical structure and thermal properties of cross-linked NR/PCL. This confirms that evaluation of TVOCs parameter is interesting alternative for “conventional methods” to characterization of the studied bio-based blends. |
| Keywords: | Natural rubber/polycaprolactone blends Peroxide curing Volatile organic compounds Structure-property relationships BIB"} {"#name":"keyword" "$":{"id":"kwrd0035"} "$$":[{"#name":"text" "_":"di(tert-butylperoxyisopropyl)benzene peroxide CRI"} {"#name":"keyword" "$":{"id":"kwrd0045"} "$$":[{"#name":"text" "_":"cure rate index DCP"} {"#name":"keyword" "$":{"id":"kwrd0055"} "$$":[{"#name":"text" "_":"dicumyl peroxide DSC"} {"#name":"keyword" "$":{"id":"kwrd0065"} "$$":[{"#name":"text" "_":"differential scanning calorimetry DMA"} {"#name":"keyword" "$":{"id":"kwrd0075"} "$$":[{"#name":"text" "_":"dynamic mechanical analysis FTIR"} {"#name":"keyword" "$":{"id":"kwrd0085"} "$$":[{"#name":"text" "_":"Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy HS-GC-FID"} {"#name":"keyword" "$":{"id":"kwrd0095"} "$$":[{"#name":"text" "_":"headspace analysis combined with gas chromatography with flame ionization detector NR"} {"#name":"keyword" "$":{"id":"kwrd0105"} "$$":[{"#name":"text" "_":"natural rubber PCL"} {"#name":"keyword" "$":{"id":"kwrd0115"} "$$":[{"#name":"text" "_":"polycaprolactone TGA"} {"#name":"keyword" "$":{"id":"kwrd0125"} "$$":[{"#name":"text" "_":"thermogravimetric analysis TVOCs"} {"#name":"keyword" "$":{"id":"kwrd0135"} "$$":[{"#name":"text" "_":"total volatile organic compounds VOCs"} {"#name":"keyword" "$":{"id":"kwrd0145"} "$$":[{"#name":"text" "_":"volatile organic compounds |
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