硅碳氢润滑油的空间长寿命润滑性能分析

为分析硅碳氢润滑油(SiCH)在真空边界润滑工况下的润滑特性，采用真空螺旋轨道摩擦试验机(SOT)测试了在1.5、1.75和2 GPa三种接触应力下润滑油的名义润滑寿命，利用真空往复摩擦试验机(SRV)测试了润滑油的往复滑动摩擦系数. 利用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、X射线能谱仪(EDS)及X射线光电子能谱仪(XPS)对磨斑表面进行显微形貌、元素组成及化学状态进行分析. 结果表明:硅碳氢润滑油的真空名义润滑寿命较高，达到1 936 r/μg(转/微克)，其往复滑动摩擦系数和磨斑直径较815Z全氟聚醚润滑油均较小，耐磨寿命较长，具有良好的真空边界润滑性能. 真空四球试验前后润滑油的红外透过率分析结果表明，润滑油在红外地球敏感器工作的14~16.25 μm波段透过率无明显变化. 在电机真空寿命验证试验中，采用硅碳氢润滑油润滑的扫描电机旋转次数最高已达6.04×108次. 润滑油的摩擦性能测试和电机寿命验证试验结果为处于边界润滑工况下的空间运动机构润滑失效提供了定量的判据，也为其他类似工况下的运动机构长寿命润滑设计提供试验依据. 

Long Life Lubrication Performance of Silicon Hydrocarbon Lubricating Oil for Space Application

In order to analyze the lubrication characteristics of space silicon-hydrogen lubricating oil (SiCH) under boundary lubrication condition in vacuum, the nominal lubrication lifetime of lubricating oil under the contact stresses of 1.5, 1.75 and 2 GPa were tested by Spiral Orbit Tribometer (SOT). The reciprocating sliding friction coefficient of the lubricating oil was tested by SRV, and microscopic analysis was performed in combination with scanning electron microscope, X-ray energy spectrometer and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The test results showed that the vacuum lubrication life of silicon-hydrocarbon lubricants was as long as 1 936 r/μg, and the sliding friction coefficient and the wear scar diameter were smaller than that of the 815Z perfluoropolyether lubricant. The infrared transmittance analysis of the lubricating oil before and after four ball test showed no significant variation on the transmittance of the lubricating oil in the 14~16.25 μm band. In the vacuum life verification test, the highest revolutions of two scanning motor with space silicon-hydrogen lubricating oil lubricated bearings was 6.04×108 times. Lubricating oil tribological performance testing and life verification test results provided quantitative criteria for lubrication failure under boundary lubrication conditions, and also test basis for long-life lubrication design of space mechanisms under other similar operating conditions.