Contact angle interpretation in terms of solid surface tension |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Ave., Cambridge, MA 02139, USA;2. Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, 5 King’s College Road, Toronto, Ont., Canada, M5S 3G8;1. Nanoforce Technology Ltd., Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, London E1 4NS, United Kingdom;2. School of Engineering and Materials Science, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, London E1 4NS, United Kingdom;3. AGH University of Science and Technology, International Centre of Electron Microscopy for Materials Science and Faculty of Metals Engineering and Industrial Computer Science, Al. A. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Kraków, Poland;4. University of Twente, Faculty Science and Technology, Physics of Fluids, Drienerlolaan 5, 7522NB Enschede, The Netherlands;5. School of Engineering, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth PO1 3DJ, United Kingdom;1. State Key Lab of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China;2. School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi''an, 710072, Shaanxi, China;3. School of Materials Science and Engineering, North University of China, Taiyuan, 030051, China;1. College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;2. State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China;3. College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China;4. School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA;5. Research and Application Center for Membrane Technology, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China;1. Materials Institute of Misiones – IMAM (UNaM-Conicet), University of Misiones, 1552, Azara Street, 3300 Posadas, Argentina;2. Board of Development and Technological Innovation (CEDIT), 1890 Azara Street, 3300 Posadas, Argentina;1. Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32816, United States;2. Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, United States |
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| Abstract: | Recent experimental (low-rate) dynamic contact angles for 14 solid surfaces are interpreted in terms of their solid surface tensions. Universality of these experimental contact angle patterns is illustrated; other reasons that can cause data to deviate from the patterns are discussed. It is found that surface tension component approaches do not reflect physical reality. Assuming solid surface tension is constant for one and the same solid surface, experimental contact angle patterns are employed to deduce a functional relationship to be used in conjunction with the Young equation to determine solid surface tensions. The explicit form of such a relation is obtained by modifying Berthelot’s rule together with experimental data; essentially constant solid surface tension values are obtained, independent of liquid surface tension and molecular structure. A new combining rule is also derived based on an expression similar to one used in molecular theory; such a combining rule should allow a better understanding of the molecular interactions between unlike solid–liquid pairs. |
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