多相催化剂活性位点的配位环境及其对催化性能的影响

多相催化技术在化工产业中一直发挥着重要作用,近年来也被广泛应用于燃料电池、绿色化学、纳米技术、生物技术等新兴领域.其中,金属催化剂在加氢、氧化、氢甲酰化、偶联等多种反应中表现出较高的催化效率.然而社会发展对金属催化剂的效率提出了更高的要求,针对特定反应,开发兼具高活性、高选择性和优良稳定性的理想催化剂一直是学术界和工业...

Coordination environment of active sites and their effect on catalytic performance of heterogeneous catalysts

The structural complexity of supported metal catalysts,playing significant role in a wide range of chemical technologies,have prevented us from deeply understanding their catalytic mechanisms at atomic level.A fundamental understanding of the nature of active sites and structure–performance relationship of supported metal catalysts from a comprehensive view will open up numerous new opportunities for the development of advanced catalysts to address the global challenges in energy conversion and environmental protection.This review surveys the effects of multiple factors,including the metal size,shape,support,alloy and ligand modifier,on the coordinated environment of active center and further their influence on the catalytic reactions,aiming to provide guidance for the design of industrialized heterogeneous catalysts with extraordinary performance.Subsequently,the key structure characterization techniques in determining the coordination structure of active metal sites,especially the dynamic coordination structure change under the reaction condition,are well summarized.A brief summary is finally provided together with personal perspectives on the further development in the field of heterogeneous metal catalysts.