| 统计物理历史上的宏观不可逆性与微观可逆性之争 |
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| 引用本文： | 王启文,郑志刚,刘荣.统计物理历史上的宏观不可逆性与微观可逆性之争[J].大学物理,2005,24(10):50-53. |
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| 作者姓名： | 王启文 郑志刚 刘荣 |
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| 作者单位： | 北京师范大学,物理系,北京,100875;呼伦贝尔学院,物理系,内蒙古,呼伦贝尔,021008;北京师范大学,物理系,北京,100875 |
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| 摘 要： | 牛顿力学的时间可逆性与宏观热力学过程不可逆性的矛盾，很长时间以来一直是物理学和哲学中争论最多的问题之一．本文通过玻尔兹曼引入的H定理所引起的不可逆性之争，回顾了历史上关于这一问题的争论，并讨论了最近几十年关于这一问题研究的历史进展．在现代遍历性理论和混沌动力学的框架下，微观可逆与宏观不可逆之间的矛盾得到了很好的回答，并得到了很好的统一和解决.
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| 关 键 词： | 不可逆性 随机性 熵 遍历性 |
| 文章编号： | 1000-0712（2005）10-0050-04 |
| 收稿时间： | 2004-12-31 |
| 修稿时间： | 2004年12月31 |
Historical debates on irreversibility in statistical physics |
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| WANG Qi-wen,ZHENG Zhi-gang,LIU Rong.Historical debates on irreversibility in statistical physics[J].College Physics,2005,24(10):50-53. |
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| Authors: | WANG Qi-wen ZHENG Zhi-gang LIU Rong |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Physics, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875 ,China; 2. Department of Physics, Hulunbuir College, Hulunbuir, Neimenggu 021008 ,China |
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| Abstract: | The contradiction between temporal reversibility of Newton mechanics and irreversibility of thermodynamic process has long been one of the most frequently debated problems in physics and philosophy. This paper retrospects the historical conflicts of opinions on irreversibility through the H theorem introduced by L. Boltzmann. Recent progresses of the study on this issue are also discussed. In the frame of modern ergodic uheory and chaotic dynamics, the contradiction between microscopic reversibility and macroscopic irreversibility can be well understood and answered. |
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| Keywords: | irreversibility stochasticity entropy ergodicity |
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