Electromigration of gold and silver in single crystal tin |
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| Institution: | 1. School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Ulsan, Ulsan 680-749, Republic of Korea;2. Korea Institute of Industrial Technology(KITECH), Yangsan 626-821, Republic of Korea;1. Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Eastern European National University, 13 Voli Avenue, Lutsk 43025, Ukraine;2. Laboratory of Nanosciences Research (LNR), E.A. no 4682, UFR Sciences, University of Reims, 21 rue Clément Ader, 51685 Reims Cedex 02, France;3. Research Chair of Exploitation of Renewable Energy Applications in Saudi Arabia, Physics and Astronomy Department, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia;4. Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Abbassia, Cairo 11566, Egypt;5. Wireless and Photonic Networks Research Centre, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia;6. Institute of Physics, Czestochowa University of Technology, Armii Krajowej 13/15, PL-42-201 Czestochowa, Poland;7. Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Czestochowa University Technology, Armii Krajowej 17, Pl-42-201 Czestochowa, Poland;8. Department of Inorganic and Organic Chemistry, Lviv National University of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnologies, Pekarska St., 50, 79010 Lviv, Ukraine;9. Department of Physics and Mathematics, Lviv National University of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnologies, Pekarska St., 50, 79010 Lviv, Ukraine;10. Department of Solid''s Spectroscopy, G. V. Kurdyumov Institute for Metal Physics of the National Academy of Science of Ukraine, Bulvar Akademika Vernadskogo, 36, Kiev 03680, Ukraine;1. School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Ulsan, Ulsan 680-749, Republic of Korea;2. Dongkook Ind. Co., Ltd., Ulsan 683-804, Republic of Korea;1. Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Biofunctional Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, PR China;2. College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng 224051, PR China;1. Department of Electrophysics, National Chiayi University, Chiayi 60004, Taiwan;2. Department of Applied Physics, National University of Kaohsiung, Kaohsiung 811, Taiwan;3. Department of Applied Physics, National Pingtung University, Pingtung 900, Taiwan |
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| Abstract: | Measurements of electromigration have been performed for gold and silver in single crystal tin. The electromigration measurements of Ag in single crystal Sn along the c-axis give for ZAg1 a value of around −2.15±0.25. The temperature dependence of Z1Ag is small, but there is a large Soret effect which may account for the considerable irreproducibility evinced by earlier measurements of Za1 in this system. The electromigration studies of Au in Sn show that the orientation of Sn has little effect on the Za1 values. The Za1 parameters are around −9.5 ± 0.33. The temperature gradient across the sample has less influence than that in the electroinigration of Ag in Sn. |
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