姿控飞轮轴承供油器设计与精准供油分析

姿控飞轮转子系统是飞行器飞行姿态的重要控制部件,对轴承精准润滑与供油可靠性提出了严格要求。基于固体间隙密封的反向设计原理,本文设计了一种依靠离心力自动调节轴承供油率的微型供油器,充分利用两个轴承之间的狭小空间,结构简单且可靠性高。首先建立了供油速率的流固耦合理论分析模型,得到了供油速率的半解析解,研究了供油器过盈接触面的几何参数等对供油速率的影响规律,发现供油器的供油速率与供油量可以通过优化过盈配合界面的几何尺寸、表面粗糙度和过盈配合压力等来实现精确控制,供油速率与过盈接触界面名义间隙的立方和周向长度成正比,与润滑油粘度和接触面轴向宽度成反比。供油率与轴承转速的平方成正比,使得轴承在高速运转时可以自动得到足够的润滑油。此技术可以应用于航天航空器的精密姿控飞轮系统以及其他各类精密轴承转子系统的供油设计。

Accurate oil supply design and analysis of attitude control flywheel bearing oil feeder

An attitude-control flywheel bearing-rotor system is an important control component of flight attitude of space vehicles,which imposes strict requirements for bearing lubrication accuracy and oil supply reliability.Based on the reverse design principle of solid clearance seals,this paper designs a miniature oil supplier that automatically adjusts the oil supply rate by centrifugal force,making full use of the space between the two bearings,with simple structure and high reliability.The theoretical analysis model of fluid-structure interaction of oil supply rate is established.Based on this model a semi-analytical solution of the oil supply rate is obtained,and the influence of the geometric parameters of the interference contact surface of the oil supplier on the oil supply rate is studied.It is found that the oil supply rate and oil supply amount can be accurately controlled by optimizing the geometric size,surface roughness and interference coordination pressure of the interference coordination gap,and the oil supply rate is proportional to the cubic and circumferential length of the nominal gap of the interference contact interface,and is inversely proportional to the viscosity of the lubricating oil and the axial width of the contact surface.The oil supply rate is proportional to the square of the bearing speed,so that the bearing can automatically get enough lubricating oil when running at high speed.This technology can be applied to the precision attitude control flywheel system of spaceraft and the fuel supply design of various other precision bearing rotor systems.