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Integrated Devices for Non-Invasive Diagnostics |
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| Authors: | Hatice Ceren Ates Anna Brunauer Felix von Stetten Gerald A Urban Firat Güder Arben Merkoçi Susanna Maria Früh Can Dincer |
| Institution: | 1. FIT – Freiburg Centre for Interactive Materials and Bioinspired Technology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, 79110 Germany
Laboratory for Sensors, IMTEK – Department of Microsystems Engineering, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, 79110 Germany;2. Laboratory for MEMS Applications, IMTEK – Department of Microsystems Engineering, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, 79110 Germany;3. Laboratory for MEMS Applications, IMTEK – Department of Microsystems Engineering, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, 79110 Germany Hahn-Schickard, Freiburg, 79110 Germany;4. Laboratory for Sensors, IMTEK – Department of Microsystems Engineering, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, 79110 Germany FMF - Freiburg Materials Research Centre, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, 79104 Germany;5. Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ UK;6. Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), CSIC and The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, 08193 Spain ICREA, Barcelona, 08010 Spain;7. FIT – Freiburg Centre for Interactive Materials and Bioinspired Technology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, 79110 Germany |
| Abstract: | “Sample-in-answer-out” type integrated diagnostic devices have been widely recognized as the ultimate solution to simplify testing across healthcare systems. Such systems are equipped with advanced fluidic, mechanical, chemical, biological, and electronic components to handle patient samples without any manual steps therefore have the potential to accelerate intervention and improve patient outcomes. In this regard, the combination of integrated devices and non-invasive sampling has gained a substantial interest to further improve the comfort and safety of patients. In this Review, the pioneering developments in integrated diagnostics are covered and their potential in non-invasive sampling is discussed. The key properties of possible sample types are highlighted by addressing their relevance for the clinical practice. Last, the factors affecting the transition of integrated devices from academia to the market are identified by analyzing the technology readiness levels of selected examples and alternative remedies are explored to increase the rate of survival during this transition. |
| Keywords: | integrated sensors microfluidics non-invasive diagnostics point-of-care testing wearables |