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Time-crystal ground state and production of gravitational waves from QCD phase transition
Authors:Andrea Addazi  Antonino Marcianò  Roman Pasechnik
Abstract:We propose a novel mechanism for the production of gravitational waves in the early Universe that originates from the relaxation processes induced by the QCD phase transition. While the energy density of the quark-gluon mean-field is monotonously decaying in real time, its pressure undergoes a series of violent oscillations at the characteristic QCD time scales that generate a primordial multi-peaked gravitational waves signal in the radio frequencies' domain. The signal is an echo of the QCD phase transition that is accessible by planned measurements at the FAST and SKA telescopes.
Keywords:primordial gravitational waves  homogeneous gluon condensate  effective Yang-Mills theory  QCD phase transition
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