Energy barriers for vortex nucleation in dipolar condensates

We consider singly-quantized vortex states in a condensate of ⁵²Cr atoms in a pancake trap. We obtain the vortex solutions by numerically solving the Gross-Pitaevskii equation in the rotating frame with no further approximations. The behavior of the condensate is studied under three different situations concerning the interactions: only s-wave, s-wave plus dipolar and only dipolar. The energy barrier for the nucleation of a vortex is calculated as a function of the vortex displacement from the rotation axis in the three cases. These results are compared to those obtained for contact interaction condensates in the Thomas-Fermi approximation, and to a pseudo-analytical model, showing this latter a very good agreement with the numerical calculation.