深水域近水面水下爆炸水柱形态及演变实验研究

 为研究不同起爆深度的水下爆炸水柱形态及演变特征，进行了1 kg球形RDX装药在不同起爆深度下的海上爆炸实验，通过高速摄像机记录装药起爆后水柱的形成和成长过程，获得了喷射水柱形态的演变特征以及水柱高度、直径、水柱突出水面时间等参数的变化规律，并与Cole、Hole和Swisdak等人的研究结果进行对比分析。研究结果表明：对于深水域近水面水下爆炸，水柱以垂直喷射形态为主，当气泡在膨胀阶段到达水面时水柱存在微弱的径向飞散现象；水柱最大高度随起爆深度呈脉动变化，水柱直径随起爆深度线性减小；Swisdak关于水柱最大高度的计算公式不适用深水域近水面水下爆炸情况。

Experimental Study on Shape and Evolution of Water Column Caused by Near Surface Explosion in Deep Water Area

In order to investigate the shape and evolution process of water column caused by a near surface explosion in deep water situation, underwater explosion experiments with 1 kg of RDX charge at different detonation depths are carried out using a high-speed camera. The evolution characteristics and parameters of water columns including the height, width and prominent time are obtained and compared with those published by Cole, Hole and Swisdak et al. The results show that vertical ejection is the main shape of water column, and a few additional radial ejections occur when the bubble reaches the free surface at its expanding phase. The maximum height of water column fluctuates with the explosion depth, while the width of water column decreases linearly. Empirical formula of water column height by Swisdak is not suitable to near surface underwater explosion in deep water situation.