直接辐射式日照计业务应用关键技术分析

日照时数是地面气象台站观测的基本项目。长期以来，我国主要使用暗筒式日照计进行日照时数观测，自动化程度低，精度较差，资料可比性难以保证。随着技术的发展，国外出现多种自动日照计，而国内这方面研究较少，与国外先进水平有一定差距。为了研制具有自主知识产权、可业务化应用的日照计，通过分析直接辐射式日照计的发展现状和关键技术，认为基于直接辐射式的自动日照计有广泛的应用前景，重点需要解决传感器的辐射响应、传感器设计与封装、太阳位置的自动跟踪、整机的结构优化等问题，提高仪器的环境适应性、长期稳定性和可靠性。

Analysis of Key Technologies of Sunshine Detector Based on Direct Radiation Measurement in Operational Application

Sunshine duration is one of the observation elements in ground observatory. For a long time, sunshine duration is observed by Jordan sunshine recorders in China, which having poor precision, poor data comparability and low automatic level. With the development of modern techniques, some kinds of sunshine duration detectors and sensors are developed abroad, whereas there are few relative researches in China. In order to develop operational sunshine detector with independent intellectual property rights, current development and key techniques of sunshine detector based on direct radiation measurement are discussed. The sunshine detector based on direct radiation measurement has the widely prospect of application, radiation response of photoelectric sensor; design and encapsulation of radiation sensor, automatic solar tracking and structure optimization of equipment should be emphatic investigated, and the condition adaptability, stability and reliability should be promoted.