晶界弛豫研究50年

文章综述了我国科学工作者５０年来关于晶界弛豫研究的早期开拓和近期发展．前者包括扭摆内耗仪的发明、晶界内耗峰的发现和无序原子群晶界模型的提出．后者包括澄清了关于晶界内耗峰来源的争论，揭示了晶界弛豫具有一个临界温度，从而提出了一个适合于各种温度的综合的晶界模型．一个最重要的进展是关于竹节晶界内耗峰的发现与其机理的阐明，从而揭示了晶界附近的位错亚结构能够影响晶界本身的性质和结构．这对于研究多晶金属的力学性质提供了一个广阔的途径．另外，晶界与邻域位错的非线性交互作用的发现，为奠定非线性滞弹性这门新学科提供了实验基础

FIFTYYEAR STUDY OF GRAIN BOUNDARY RELAXATION

This article gives an overview of the early development and recent progress of the study of grain boundary relaxation by Chinese scientists, ranging from, the invention of the torsion pendulum for internal friction measurement to the discovery of a critical temperature for the grain boundary relaxation. The important discovery of an internal friction peak associated with bamboo grain boundaries revealed that the dislocation substructure in the vicinity of the boundary can influence the behavior and the structure of the grain boundaries. This finding furnishes a broad route for the study of the mechanical properties of polycrystalline metals and alloys. Furthermore, the discovery of the non-linear interaction between the grain boundary and nearby dislocations provides an experimental foundation for the new discipline of non-linear anelasticity.