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On the best possible character of the norm in some a priori estimates for non-divergence form equations in Carnot groups
Authors:Donatella Danielli   Nicola Garofalo   Duy-Minh Nhieu
Affiliation:Department of Mathematics, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907 ; Department of Mathematics, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907 -- and -- Dipartimento di Metodi e Modelli Matematici per le Scienze Applicate, Università di Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy ; Department of Mathematics, Georgetown University, Washington, DC 20057-1233
Abstract:Let $boldsymbol{G}$ be a group of Heisenberg type with homogeneous dimension $Q$. For every $0<epsilon<Q$ we construct a non-divergence form operator $L^epsilon$ and a non-trivial solution $u^epsiloninmathcal{L}^{2,Q-epsilon}(Omega)cap C(overline{Omega})$ to the Dirichlet problem: $Lu=0$ in $Omega$, $u=0$ on $partialOmega$. This non-uniqueness result shows the impossibility of controlling the maximum of $u$ with an $L^p$ norm of $Lu$ when $p<Q$. Another consequence is the impossiblity of an Alexandrov-Bakelman type estimate such as

begin{displaymath}sup_Omega ule Cleft(int_{Omega}vertoperatorname{det}(u_{,ij})vert,dgright) ^{1/m},end{displaymath}

where $m$ is the dimension of the horizontal layer of the Lie algebra and $(u_{,ij})$ is the symmetrized horizontal Hessian of $u$.

Keywords:Alexandrov-Bakelman-Pucci estimate   geometric maximum principle   horizontal Monge-Amp`ere equation   $infty$-horizontal Laplacian
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