Virtual microwells for digital microfluidic reagent dispensing and cell culture |
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Authors: | Eydelnant Irwin A Uddayasankar Uvaraj Li Bingyu Liao Meng Wen Wheeler Aaron R |
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Institution: | Institute for Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3G9, Canada. |
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Abstract: | Digital microfluidic (DMF) liquid handling includes active (electrostatic) and passive (surface tension) mechanisms for reagent dispensing. Here we implement a simple and straightforward Teflon-AF liftoff protocol for patterning hydrophilic sites on a two-plate device for precise passive dispensing of reagents forming virtual microwells--an analogy to the wells found on a microtitre plate. We demonstrate here that devices formed using these methods are capable of reproducible dispensing of volumes ranging from ~80 to ~800 nL, with CVs of 0.7% to 13.8% CV. We demonstrate that passive dispensing is compatible with DMF operation in both air and oil, and provides for improved control of dispensed nano- and micro- litre volumes when compared to active electrostatic dispensing. Further, the technique is advantageous for cell culture and we report the first example of reagent dispensing on a single-plate DMF device. We anticipate this method will be useful for a wide range of applications--particularly those involving adherent cell culture and analysis. |
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