Kinetics of the Initial Stage of Gelation in Chitosan Solutions Containing Glutaric Aldehyde: Viscometric Study |
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Authors: | E A Merkovich M-L Carruette V G Babak G A Vikhoreva L S Gal'braikh V E Kim |
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Institution: | (1) Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Vavilova 28, Moscow, GSP-1, 117813, Russia;(2) Kosygin Moscow State Textile University, Malaya Kaluzhskaya ul. 1, Moscow, 117813, Russia;(3) National Polytechnical Institute of Lorraine, Nancy, France;(4) Mendeleev University of Chemical Technology, Miusskaya pl. 9, Moscow, 125047, Russia |
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Abstract: | The effects of glutaric aldehyde concentration C
GA(in the range from 0.07 to 0.2 wt %) and temperature T(from 20 to 65°C) on the kinetics of an increase in the effective viscosity effof aqueous solutions of chitosans (C
CH= 2.4 wt %, pH 3.6, and ionic strength I= 0.05) with molecular masses equal to 33 × 104and 55 × 104and the degrees of substitution at N-acetyl and amino groups of 0.08 and 0.90, respectively were studied. The kinetic curves eff (t ) exhibited the induction periods of a relatively slight increase in the viscosity of chitosan–glutaric aldehyde mixed solutions with time followed by the periods of a drastic increase in the viscosity. The former periods correspond to the formation of gel clusters; the latter periods, to the gelation over the whole volume of a solution. Optimal ranges of the parameters C
GAand Twere determined for the preparation of spherical gel particles of slightly cross-linked chitosan, which are used for the sorption of heavy metals from low-concentrated solutions. |
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