相位-偏振编码的量子保密通信系统的研究

提出了一种新型的量子信息编码和解码新方法，并用全量子力学方法，对这种量子信息编码 技术进行了系统的理论分析.根据态叠加原理，可以用两个正交的偏振态，通过偏振干涉方 法合成一个新的偏振态.这个合成的偏振态由两个正交偏振态的相位差决定.改变相位差，就 可以合成各种不同的偏振态.而相位差的改变可以通过相位调制器来实现，从而可以用相位调制方法，实现对光子偏振态的编码和解码.这种方法可以随机地制备各种非正交偏振态， 也可以随机地产生各种非正交偏振态测量基，对各种非正交偏振态的光子进行检测和解码. 这种编码方法既具有相位编码方法传输距离大的优点，同时又克服了该方法信息损失过半的 缺点，还可以对光子的位相和偏振态进行精确补偿，有效地降低误码率. 关键词： 量子密钥分配 相位编码 偏振编码

The quantum key distribution system based on polarization states produced by phase modulation

A method that can generate all kinds of nonorthogonal polarization states is induced for long distance and high bit rate generation quantum key distribution. T he polarization states are synthesized by two linearly polarization states contr olled by phase modulator. The modulator is allowed to produced non-quarter_wave phase delay so that can compensate the influence of birefrmgence during transmis sion throuogh the fiber. The structures of the encoder and the decoder based on the method are also described that can effectively reduce the bit error rate.