Langmur monolayers of cerebroside with different head groups originated from sea cucumber: Binary systems with dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (DPPC) |
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| Authors: | Yuriko Ikeda Masanori Inagaki Koji Yamada Tomofumi Miyamoto Ryuichi Higuchi Osamu Shibata |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Environmental Biology Lab, Department of Botany, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar 608002, Tamilnadu, India;2. College of Plant Science and Technology, Qingdao Agricultural University, Chunyang Road, Chengyang District, Qingdao 266109, China;3. Stress Physiology Lab, Department of Botany, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar 608002, Tamilnadu, India;1. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Indore, India;2. Centre for Biosciences & Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Indore, India;3. Department of Bioscience, Himachal Pradesh University, Summer Hill, Shimla, HP 171005, India;4. University School of Environment Management, Guru Govind Singh Indraprastha Univ., Sec-16-C, Dwarika, New Delhi-110078, India;1. Instituto de Botânica, Caixa Postal 3005, São Paulo, SP, 01061-970, Brazil;2. Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Biologia, R. Monteiro Lobato, 255, Campinas, SP, 13 083 872, Brazil;3. Ecotoxicology of Air Pollution, CIEMAT, Avda. Complutense 2, 28040, Madrid, Spain;4. Universidade de São Paulo, Rua do Matão 321, São Paulo, SP, 05508-090, Brazil;1. Institute of Earth Science of the Slovak Academy of Sciences, Stará Lesná, 059 60 Tatranská Lomnica, Slovakia;2. National Forest Centre–Forest Research Institute Zvolen, T. G. Masaryka 22, 960 92 Zvolen, Slovakia;3. Technical University in Zvolen, Faculty of Forestry, T. G. Masaryka 24, 960 53 Zvolen, Slovakia;4. Institute of Forest Ecology of the Slovak Academy of Sciences, Ľ. Štúra 2, 960 53 Zvolen, Slovakia;5. State Forest of TANAP, Tatranská Lomnica, 059 60 Vysoké Tatry, Slovakia;6. USDA Forest Service, Pacific Southwest Research Station, 4955 Canyon Crest Drive, Riverside, CA 92507, USA;1. Chair of Plant Physiology and Biotechnology, Nicolaus Copernicus University, 1 Lwowska Street, 87-100 Toruń, Poland;2. Department of Cell Biology, Nicolaus Copernicus University, 1 Lwowska Street, 87-100 Toruń, Poland;3. Centre for Modern Interdisciplinary Technologies, Nicolaus Copernicus University, 4 Wileńska Street, 87-100 Toruń, Poland;4. Department of Biochemistry, Cellular and Molecular Biology of Plants, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Profesor Albareda 1, 18008, Granada, Spain |
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| Abstract: | Surface properties (Langmuir monolayer) of two different cerebrosides which are extracted from the sea cucumber (Bohadschia argus) were investigated. A main difference in chemical structure of cerebroside between BAC-2a and BAC-4 is their head groups (glucose and galactose, respectively). Furthermore, miscibility and interaction between dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (DPPC) and cerebrosides (BAC-2a and BAC-4) in the monolayer have been systematically examined. The surface pressure (π)−area (A), the surface potential (ΔV)−A, and the dipole moment (μ )−A isotherms for monolayers of DPPC, cerebrosides, and their binary combinations have been measured using the Wilhelmy method and the ionizing electrode method. BAC-4 forms a stable liquid-expanded (LE) monolayer, whereas BAC-2a has a first-order phase transition from the LE phase to the liquid-condensed (LC) state on 0.15 M NaCl at 298.2 K. The fundamental properties for each cerebroside monolayer were elucidated in terms of the surface dipole moment based on the three-layer model [R.J. Demchak, T. Fort Jr., J. Colloid Interface Sci. 46 (1974) 191–202] for both cerebrosides and the apparent molar quantity change (Δsγ, Δhγ, and Δuγ) for BAC-2a. In addition, their miscibility with DPPC was examined by the variation of the molecular areas and the surface potentials as a function of cerebroside mole fractions, the additivity rule. The miscibility was also confirmed by constructing the two-dimensional phase diagrams. The phase diagrams for the both binary systems were of negative azeotropic type. That is, the two-component DPPC/BAC-2a and DPPC/BAC-4 monolayers are miscible. Furthermore, the Joos equation for the analysis of the collapse pressure of binary monolayers allowed calculation of the interaction parameter and the interaction energy between the DPPC and cerebroside monolayers. The miscibility in the monolayer state was also confirmed by the morphological observation with Brewster angle microscopy (BAM), fluorescence microscopy (FM), and atomic force microscopy (AFM). |
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| Keywords: | Langmuir monolayer Cerebroside DPPC Brewster angle microscopy (BAM) Fluorescence microscopy (FM) Atomic force microscopy (AFM) |
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