Flame retardant performance of carbonaceous nanomaterials on polyester fabric |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Textile Engineering, Faculty of Technology and Metallurgy, Ss. Cyril and Methodius University, Ruger Boskovic 16, 1000, Skopje, Macedonia;2. Department of Textile Chemistry and Ecology, Faculty of Textile Technology, University of Zagreb, Prilaza baruna Filipovica 28a, Zagreb, Croatia;3. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Texas A&M University, 3123 TAMU, College Station, TX, 77843, United States;4. Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, 3123 TAMU, College Station, TX, 77843, United States;5. Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Texas A&M University, 3123 TAMU, College Station, TX, 77843, United States;1. State Key Laboratory of Fire Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Jinzhai Road 96, Hefei, Anhui 230026, PR China;2. Institute of Environmental Materials and Applications, College of Materials and Environmental Engineering, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, PR China;1. Institute of Environmental Materials and Applications, College of Materials and Environmental Engineering, Hangzhou Dianzi University, 310018, Hangzhou, PR China;2. State Key Laboratory of Fire Science, University of Science and Technology of China, 230026, Hefei, PR China;3. Zhejiang Xinhua Chemical Co., Ltd, 311600, Hangzhou, PR China |
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| Abstract: | Flame retardants (FRs) are applied to select consumer products such as baby clothing, construction materials, electronics and furniture upholstery to slow or prevent fire ignition or growth by physical/chemical mechanisms. The most commonly used FRs have historically been halogenated molecules. However, their bioaccumulation in mammals has been investigated, leading to some of them to be banned. As an alternative FR, this study investigated the potential of carbonaceous nanomaterials (CNMs) such as carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and graphene oxide (GO) coating material on polyester fabric. CNMs mass loadings on fabrics were verified by programmed thermal analysis (PTA) and tested for flame retardancy using a new assessment approach based on National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) method 705. Compared with traditional FRs, select CNMs showed similar flame retardancy at lower mass loadings. The oxygen content of CNMs, as measured by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), emerged as a critical parameter with higher oxygen content resulting in reduced flame retardancy of the coating. Non nano-sized carbonaceous materials such a carbon black did not exhibit the same flame retardant properties as CNMs. Multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) and amine functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes (e.g., NH2-MWCNT) required significantly lower mass loadings to achieve flame retardancy similar to traditional FRs and hence are promising alternatives that warrant further investigation. |
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| Keywords: | Carbon nanotube Graphene oxide Flame retardant |
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