Cellulose nanocrystals as biobased nucleation agents in poly-l-lactide scaffold: Crystallization behavior and mechanical properties |
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| Institution: | 1. Nanchang Campus, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou, China;2. China Construction Steel Structure Corp. LTD., Shenzhen, China;3. Space Structures Research Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China;1. Jiangxi Key Laboratory for Rare Earth Magnetic Materials and Devices/Institute for Rare Earth Magnetic Materials and Devices (IREMMD), College of Rare Earths, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou 341000, People''s Republic of China;2. School of Materials Science and Engineering, Faculty of Materials Metallurgy and Chemistry, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou 341000, People''s Republic of China;3. Canadian Light Source, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 2V3, Canada;4. MIIT Key Laboratory of Advanced Metallic and Intermetallic Materials Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, People''s Republic of China;1. Institute of Nuclear and New Energy Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China;2. Beijing Key Lab of Fine Ceramics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China;3. Beijing General Research Institute of Mining and Metallurgy, Beijing 100070, China |
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| Abstract: | The mechanical strength of polymer scaffold is closely related to its crystallinity. In this work, cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) were incorporated into poly-l-lactide (PLLA) scaffold which was fabricated by selective laser sintering, aiming to improve the mechanical properties. CNC possesses numerous hydroxyl groups which might form hydrogen bond with PLLA molecular chains. The hydrogen bond induces the ordered arrangement of PLLA chain by using CNC as heterogeneous nucleating agent, thereby increasing crystallization rate and crystallinity. Results showed that PLLA scaffolds with 3 wt% CNC resulted in 191%, 351%, 34%, 83.5%, 56% increase in compressive strength, compressive modulus, tensile strength, tensile modulus and Vickers hardness, respectively. Encouragingly, with the incorporation of hydrophilic CNC, the PLLA/CNC scaffolds showed not only better hydrophilicity, but also faster degradation than PLLA. In vitro cell culture studies proved that the PLLA/CNC scaffolds were biocompatible and capable of supporting cell adhesion, proliferation and differentiation. The above results indicated that the PLLA/CNC scaffolds may therefore be a potential replacement in bone repair. |
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| Keywords: | Mechanical properties Crystallinity Cellulose nanocrystals Heterogeneous nucleation Bone repair |
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