Flame atomic absorption spectrometric determination of trace amounts of palladium,gold and nickel after cloud point extraction |
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Authors: | Sayed Zia Mohammadi Daryoush Afzali Davood Pourtalebi |
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Institution: | (1) Laboratory of Clinical Pathology, Department of Allergology and Laboratory of Skin Physiopathology, Institute San Gallicano, IRCCS, IFO, Rome, Italy |
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Abstract: | In this article, a sensitive cloud point extraction procedure for the preconcentration of trace amounts of palladium, gold
and nickel prior to their determination by flame atomic absorption spectrometry has been developed. The cloud point extraction
method is based on the complexation of Pd(II), Au(II), and Ni(II) ions with 1-(2-pyridylazo)-2-naphthol and entrapping in
non-ionic surfactant Triton X-114. The main factors affecting cloud point extraction efficiency, such as pH of sample solution,
concentration of 1-(2-pyridylazo)-2-naphthol and Triton X-114, equilibration temperature and time, were investigated in detail.
Under the optimized conditions, calibration curves were constructed for the determination of palladium, gold and nickel according
to the general procedure. Linearity was maintained from 0.01 to 1.0 μg/mL for palladium, 10.0 μg/mL to 1.5 μg/mL for gold,
and 10.0 μg/mL to 0.5 μg/mL for nickel. Detection limits based on three times the standard deviation of the blank divided
by the slope of analytical curve (3Sb/m) for Pd(II), Au(III), and Ni(11) ions were 3.4, 3.9, and 2.4 μg/mL, respectively.
Seven replicate determination of a mixture of 0.5 μg/mL palladium and gold and 0.2 μg/mL nickel gave a mean absorbance of
0.174, 0.150, and 0.201 with relative standard deviation ±1.5, ±1.3, and ±1.8%, respectively. The high efficiency of cloud
point extraction to carry out the determination of analytes in complex matrices was demonstrated. The proposed method has
been applied for determination of trace amount of palladium, gold and nickel in certified reference material and water samples
with satisfactory results. |
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