高活性、低载量的PtCo/C质子交换膜燃料电池催化剂的合成

利用逐步合成的方法，合成了一系列不同量硝酸处理的PtCo/C催化剂。通过燃料电池测试装置对催化剂进行了测试，结果表明PtCo/C催化剂在较低载量情况下，有着很好的性能：在50 kPa背压下，0.9 V下的电流密度达到44 mA·cm^-2，0.8 V下的电流密度超过300 mA·cm^-2；200 kPa背压下，最高功率密度超过1 300 mW·cm^-2。通过X射线衍射（XRD）、透射电子显微镜（TEM）对合成的PtCo/C催化剂的形貌、组成进行了表征。XRD结果表明，催化剂中，Pt以Pt₃Co和Pt颗粒形式存在。燃料电池测试结果表明，这一系列的催化剂中，经2 mL质量分数65%的浓硝酸配制的水溶液处理过的PtCo/C催化剂，具有最好的燃料电池性能以及良好的稳定性。

Synthesis of High-Performance and Low-Loading PtCo/C Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell Catalysts

A series of PtCo/C catalysts etched with different amounts of nitric acid were synthesized by stepwise synthesis. Tested by fuel cell test device, PtCo/C catalysts showed good performance at the condition of low loading. Under 50 kPa back pressure, the current density at 0.9 V reached 44 mA·cm^-2 and the current density at 0.8 V exceeded 300 mA·cm^-2. Under 200 kPa back pressure, the highest power density exceeded 1 300 mW·cm^-2. The morphology and structure of PtCo/C catalysts were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscope (TEM). XRD patterns show that Pt mainly exists in the form of Pt₃Co and Pt nanoparticles. The fuel cell test data show that among the series of catalysts, PtCo/C catalysts treated with aqueous solution prepared with 2 mL nitric acid (mass ratio of 65%) has the best fuel cell performance.