Approche globale,minima relatifs et Critère d'Amorçage en Mécanique de la Rupture

We show that it is possible to predict the onset of cracking by searching relative minima of the total energy of a body, the yield criterion depending on the choice of the energies. In particular in the case where the bulk energy is elastic and the surface energy depends on the jump of the displacement, we prove that the yield criterion is formulated in terms of the stress tensor and of intrinsic curve type. To cite this article: J. Laverne, J.-J. Marigo, C. R. Mecanique 332 (2004).