Thermodynamics and dynamics of systems with long-range interactions |
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Authors: | Freddy Bouchet Shamik Gupta David Mukamel |
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Institution: | a INLN, CNRS, UNSA, 1361 route des lucioles, 06 560 Valbonne, France b LANL, CNLS, MS B258, PO Box 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545, United States c Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel |
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Abstract: | We review simple aspects of the thermodynamic and dynamical properties of systems with long-range pairwise interactions (LRI), which decay as 1/rd+σ at large distances r in d dimensions. Two broad classes of such systems are discussed. (i) Systems with a slow decay of the interactions, termed “strong” LRI, where the energy is super-extensive. These systems are characterized by unusual properties such as inequivalence of ensembles, negative specific heat, slow decay of correlations, anomalous diffusion and ergodicity breaking. (ii) Systems with faster decay of the interaction potential, where the energy is additive, thus resulting in less dramatic effects. These interactions affect the thermodynamic behavior of systems near phase transitions, where long-range correlations are naturally present. Long-range correlations are often present in systems driven out of equilibrium when the dynamics involves conserved quantities. Steady state properties of driven systems with local dynamics are considered within the framework outlined above. |
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Keywords: | Long-range interactions Ensemble inequivalence Vlasov equation Quasistationary states Driven diffusive systems Stationary states |
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