Improvement on the Carnahan-Starling Equation of State for Hard-sphere Fluids

Making use ofWeierstrass's theorem and Chebyshev's theorem and referring to the equations of state of the scaled-particle theory and the Percus-Yevick integration equation, we demon-strate that there exists a sequence of polynomials such that the equation of state is given by the limit of the sequence of polynomials. The polynomials of the best approximation from the third order up to the eighth order are obtained so that the Carnahan-Starling equation can be improved successively. The resulting equations of state are in good agreement with the simulation results on the stable fluid branch and on the metastable fluid branch.