腰上三角的临床应用解剖

目的：为肾脏疾病及腰疝的手术操作提供解剖学依据．方法：观察腰上三角的形态及构成，观察经过该三角前方的肋下神经、髂腹下神经和髂腹股沟神经的组合形式及走行．结果：腰上三角的形态可为四边形、三角形和不规则形；肋下神经、髂腹下神经和髂腹股沟神经在腰上三角前方有4种不同的组合形式．结论：熟悉腰上三角前方肋下神经、髂腹下神经和髂腹股沟神经的走行及与第12肋的位置关系，对于避免手术中损伤这3条神经具有重要的实际意义．

Applied Anatomy of Superior Lumbar Triangle

Objective: To provide anatomical bases for operative procedures of renal diseases and lumbar hernia.Methods: The shape and formation of superior lumbar triangle were observed.The grouping patterns and courses of subcostal nerve,iliohypogastric nerve and ilioinguinal nerve which pass the front of superior lumbar triangle were also observed.Results: In shape superior lumbar triangle was quadrilateral,triangular or irregular.Four grouping patterns of the three nerves were found in front of the triangle.Conclusion: Having an intimate knowledge of the courses and positional relations to 12th rib about subcostal nerve,iliohypogastric nerve and ilioinguinal nerve plays a very important role in avoiding injury of the three nerves during the operation on kidney or lumbar hernia.