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Uncertainty relations for joint measurements of noncommuting observables |
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| Authors: | Masanao Ozawa |
| Affiliation: | Graduate School of Information Sciences, Tôhoku University, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8579, Japan |
| Abstract: | Universally valid uncertainty relations are proven in a model independent formulation for inherent and unavoidable extra noises in arbitrary joint measurements on single systems, from which Heisenberg's original uncertainty relation is proven valid for any joint measurements with statistically independent noises. |
| Keywords: | Author Keywords: Heisenberg Uncertainty relation Uncertainty principle Joint measurements Noise Positive operator-valued measures |
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