Investigation of a UV-laser generated planar polymeric waveguide directly and after five years of preparation using an interferometric method |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Damietta, New Damietta, Egypt;2. BIAS (Bremer Institut für Angewandte Strahltechnik), Bremen, Germany;1. School of Information Science and Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110004, China;2. Software College, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110004, China;1. Department of Space Equipment, The Academy of Equipment, Beijing 101416, China;2. Department of Automation Measurement and Control, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China;1. Department of Engineering Mechanics, Applied Mechanics Lab, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China;2. Department of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Luoyang Institute of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, Henan, China;1. LORIA, UMR CNRS 7503, Université de Lorraine, CNRS, INRIA project-team Magrit; Campus Scientifique, BP 239, 54506 Vand?uvre-lès-Nancy Cedex, France;2. Institut Pascal, UMR CNRS 6602, Université Blaise Pascal, CNRS; BP 10448, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France;1. Department of Digital Software, Sangmyung University, Seoul 110-743, Republic of Korea;2. Institute of Ambient Intelligence, Dongseo University, Busan 617-716, Republic of Korea;3. Department of Electrical, Electronic, and Control Engineering, Hankyong National University, Ansung 456-749, Republic of Korea |
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| Abstract: | Polymeric integrated-optical waveguides were prepared in a planar chip using UV-laser lithographic method. Five waveguide samples were irradiated by an excimer laser of wavelength 248 nm with different irradiation parameters (fluence and irradiation doses). Using Mach–Zehnder interferometer, the refractive index depth profiles of these samples are determined in two cases, directly and five years later of preparation. A crucial change of refractive indices profiles has been recorded after five years of preparation. In the first case we got double region waveguides fitted a Gaussian shape, while in the second one we observe a single region waveguide which has exponential shape. The photochemical reactions responsible for these changes in the two cases are demonstrated. This is quite important when such waveguides are used in the applications. Also it was interesting to investigate the aging impact on mode field distributions and the effective mode indices. The mode parameters are determined based on a theoretical model and the experimentally obtained data. The results show a notable change in the mode field distributions and the propagation coefficients as influence of aging. |
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| Keywords: | Polymer integrated optics Refractive index depth profile Mach–Zehnder interferometry Mode field distribution Bessel-function |
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