Determination of polyamines in urine via electrospun nanofibers–based solid-phase extraction coupled with GC-MS and application to gastric cancer patients |
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Authors: | Li Xie Weilin Chen Qing Shu Wei Xie Linxiao Bian Guozhe Deng Xuejun Kang Weihong Ge |
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Institution: | 1. Key Laboratory of Child Development and Learning Science (Ministry of Education), School of Biological Science & Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, P. R. China
School of Animal Science and Technology, Jinling Institute of Technology, Nanjing, P. R. China;2. Department of Pharmacy, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing, P. R. China;3. Jiangsu Kebai Pharmaceutical Technology Co. Ltd, Nanjing, P. R. China;4. School of Animal Science and Technology, Jinling Institute of Technology, Nanjing, P. R. China;5. Key Laboratory of Child Development and Learning Science (Ministry of Education), School of Biological Science & Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, P. R. China |
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Abstract: | The simultaneous determination of polyamines and their metabolites in urine samples was achieved by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry in the selected ion monitoring mode. After conjugating with the ion-pair reagent bis-2-ethylhexylphosphate in the aqueous phase, the polyamines in the samples were extracted with polystyrene nanofiber-based packed-fiber solid-phase extraction followed by a derivatization step using pentafluoropropionyl anhydride. With optimal conditions, all analytes were separated well. For analytes of putrescine, cadaverine, N-acetylputrescine, and N-acetylcadaverine, the linearity was good in the range of 0.05–500 μmol/L (R2 ≥ 0.993). While for spermidine, spermine, acetylspermidine, N8-acetylspermidine, and N-acetylspermine, the linearity was good in the range of 0.5–500 μmol/L (R2 ≥ 0.990). The recoveries of three spiked concentrations (0.5, 5, 300 μmol/L) were 85.6%–108.4%, and relative standard deviations for intra- and interday were in the range of 2.9%–13.4% and 4.5%–15.1%, respectively. The method was successfully applied to the analysis of urine samples of gastric cancer patients. The results showed that the levels of most polyamines and N-acetylated polyamines from the patient group were significantly higher than those from the control group. The altered concentrations of the above-mentioned metabolites suggest their role in the pathogenesis of gastric cancer, and they should be further evaluated as potential markers of gastric cancer. |
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Keywords: | gastric cancer ion-pairing polyamines polystyrene nanofibers solid-phase extraction |
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