Fundamentals of optical amplifiers |
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Authors: | Yoshihisa Yamamoto and Takaaki Mukai |
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Institution: | (1) NTT Basic Research Laboratories, Midori-cho 3-9-11, Musashino-shi, 180 Tokyo, Japan |
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Abstract: | The minimum noise figure of linear phase-insensitive amplifiers is 3 dB, according to the constraint of the uncertainty principle. Laser amplifiers, parametric amplifiers and Raman amplifiers obey the general quantum limit in an ideal case. A degenerate parametric amplifier is a phase-sensitive linear amplifier, and thus is a noiseless amplifier with a noise figure of 0 dB. The noise figure degradation in a practical amplifier and the signal-to-noise ratio design of an optical amplifier system are presented. Several other amplifier characteristics, such as signal gain, frequency bandwidth and saturation output power, are also discussed. |
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