氯化胆碱/尿素和氯化胆碱/甘油的性质与应用

作为绿色溶剂,离子液体在化学和物理学科引起广泛关注.低共融溶剂,如氯化胆碱/尿素和氯化胆碱/甘油,不仅被认为是一类新型的离子液体,还具有价格低廉、环境友好及合成简便等优势.为了促进氯化胆碱/尿素和氯化胆碱/甘油这两种低共融溶剂的应用,本文考察了氯化胆碱/尿素和氯化胆碱/甘油的微观结构、物理化学性质及水分对其物性的影响,并将其与传统离子液体进行了比较.此外,还分析了氯化胆碱/尿素和氯化胆碱/甘油在摩擦学及CO2分离中的潜在应用.已有研究结果表明,氯化胆碱/尿素和氯化胆碱/甘油有希望应用于摩擦学及CO2分离中,但是在大规模工业应用之前依然存在很多不确定性和瓶颈,还需要进一步在其纳米结构、实验测定及模型等方面进行研究.

Properties and applications of choline chloride/urea and choline chloride/glycerol

Ionic liquids as green solvents have gained tremendous attention in chemical and physical science. Deep eutectic solvents （DESs）, such as choline chloride/urea （ChCl/urea） and choline chloride/glycerol （ChCl/gly）, were proposed as a new type of ionic liquids but with additional advantages in cost, environmental impact and synthesis. To promote the application of these two DESs, in this work, the available research work on the microstructure of ChCl/urea and ChCl/gly, their physicochemical properties and the water effect on properties were surveyed and compared with the tradition ionic liquids. The potential applications and the challenges in tribology and CO2 separation were further analyzed. It was shown that ChCl/urea and ChCl/gly are promising for the application of tribology and CO2 separation according to the available research results, however, uncertainties and bottlenecks still exist before industrial applications, and further study on the nanostructure and the properties on experimental measurements and model developments should be enhanced.