Distribution function of the number of particles in the condensate of an ideal Bose gas confined by a trap |
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Authors: | V A Alekseev |
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Institution: | 1.Lebedev Physical Institute,Russian Academy of Sciences,Moscow,Russia |
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Abstract: | The distribution function W0(n0) of the number n0 of particles in the condensate of an ideal Bose gas confined by a trap is found. It is shown that at the temperature below the critical temperature Tc this function has a Gaussian shape and depends on the trap potential via two parameters only. The center of this function shifts to larger values of n0 with decreasing temperature and its width tends to zero, which corresponds to the suppression of fluctuations. In the narrow vicinity of the critical temperature \(\left| {T - {T_c}} \right| \leqslant {T_c}/\sqrt N \), where N is the number of particles in the trap, the distribution function changes and at the temperature above the critical one it takes the usual form W0(n0) = 1 ? exp(μ)]exp(μn0), where μ is the chemical potential in temperature units. In the limit N→∞, this change occurs at a jump. |
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