开孔锁定长脉冲相对论扩展互作用腔振荡器的实验研究

提出并研制成功了开耦合孔锁定的长脉冲、重复频率运行的相对论扩展互作用腔振荡器(REICO)。将数值模拟和实验研究紧密结合，分析了长脉冲REICO实验中模式竞争和脉冲缩短的根源，提出了开耦合孔的三间隙扩展互作用腔结构，有效抑制了长脉冲束流调制的模式竞争和脉冲缩短问题，使调制束流脉宽由60 ns提高到140 ns，调制束流由2 kA提高到5 kA，经过优化REICO参数，使器件的辐射微波功率和效率有了明显提高。采用500 kV/4.2 kA/210 ns/20 Hz的电子束驱动S波段REICO，实现了峰值功率570 MW、频率2.89 GHz、脉宽大于160 ns、重复频率20 Hz的辐射微波稳定输出，功率效率27%，能量效率23%。

Experimental investigation on a long pulse,relativistic extended-interaction-cavity oscillator locked with coupler

The physics of modulation and RF extraction of an S-band, long pulse, relativistic extended-interaction-cavity oscillator (REICO) is studied in this paper via experiment, theory and simulation. The origin of pulse shortening and mode competition of the REICO driven by the long-pulsed intense relativistic electron beams (IREBs) is explored. The modified cavity structure with coupler is proposed for the first time to suppress the pulse shortening and mode competition. The pulse width of the modulated IREBs is increased from 60 ns to 140 ns, and the magnitude of the modulated IREBs is increased from 2 kA to 5 kA. The radiation microwave power and efficiency are promoted obviously after adjusting the parameters of the IREBs and the leading magnetic field. Using a 500 kV, 4.2 kA, 210 ns, 20 Hz