中国城市家庭教养方式的阶层差异：基于不同数据和测量的交叉验证

社会学家提出并论证了家庭教养方式存在阶级或阶层差异的理论命题，定量研究虽然不断对此进行跨学科检验，但过多测量的是具体的教养行为而非整体的教养方式。这个问题在国内相关研究中被延续了下来，甚至带来结论性的争议。转向测量类型化的教养方式，使用职业、教育和综合地位作为阶层的三重指标，可以重新检验中国城市社会阶层之间是否存在教养方式的显著区别。经过对上海和全国数据中不同测量方法的交叉验证，得出如下结论：教养方式确实存在阶层之间的差异，经济社会地位越高的家庭越可能采取权威型或民主型教养方式，而非专制型或放任型教养方式。

Class Distinction in Parenting Styles in Urban China: Cross-validation by Different Data and Measurements

Sociologists proposed theoretical argument about class distinction in parenting styles for long time. Although it has been examined by many quantitative researches across social science, they suffer from overly measuring particular parenting practice rather than global parenting styles. This measurement problem also exists in current studies for China and even brings controversial conclusions. This study turns to categorical measurement for parenting styles, employs occupation, education and socioeconomic status as multiple indicators for class, and re-examine the class-parenting association in urban China. Through cross-validation by using different measurements and analyzing Shanghai municipal as well as national data, the finding is that there really exists class distinction in parenting styles. That is, high status families are more likely to adopt authoritative or democratic approach rather than authoritarian or neglectful approach.