Separation and identification of volatile constituents in Artemisia argyi flowers by GC-MS with SPME and steam distillation

Artemisia argyi leaf is a widely used traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). In this work, for the first time, the separation and identification of volatile constituents in Artemisia argyi flowers is performed. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) with solid-phase microextraction (SPME) is developed for the fast analysis of volatile constituents in the flowers. Several headspace SPME parameters, including fiber coating, extraction temperature, and extraction time, are optimized. Forty-nine compounds in the flowers are re-identified by SPME-GC-MS. At the same time, in order to compare with the SPME, steam distillation is used for analysis of the volatile constituents in the flowers, and forty-seven are detected. The total fifty-three compounds in the flowers, which mainly include cylcofenchene, alpha-pinene, alpha-myrcene, D-limonene, caryophyllene, and germacrene D, are identified by the two methods. Compared to the volatile components in Artemisia argyi leaves, the main components (including the two active compounds of borneol and borneol acetate) are also found in Artemisia argyi flowers. These results show that Artemisia argyi flowers as well as leaves might be used as TCM.