Nonlinear parameter estimation in water-saturated sandy sediment with difference frequency acoustic wave |
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| Authors: | Byoung-Nam Kim Suk Wang Yoon |
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| Affiliation: | 1. East Sea Environment Research Department, Korea Ocean Research and Development Institute, 695-1 Hujeong-ri, Jukbyeon-myun, Uljin-gun, Gyeongbuk 767-813, Republic of Korea;2. Department of Physics and Institute of Basic Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, Republic of Korea;1. Los Alamos National Laboratory, Materials Physics and Applications, MS D429, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA;2. Univ. of Alaska Anchorage, Dept. of Physics and Astronomy, 3211 Providence Dr., Anchorage, AK 99508, USA;1. Physical Acoustics Group, Instituto de Física, Universidade Federal de Alagoas, Maceió, AL 57072-900, Brazil;2. Molecular Imaging Research Center, Institut de Biologie François Jacob, Commissariat à l’énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Fontenay-aux- Roses 2260, France;3. Departamento de Física, Faculdade de Filosofia Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP 14040-900, Brazil;4. Grupo de Física da Matéria Condensada, Núcleo de Ciências Exatas, Campus Arapiraca, Universidade Federal de Alagoas, Arapiraca, AL 57309-005, Brazil;1. Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN 55905, United States;2. Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98105, United States;1. Carle Illinois College of Medicine, Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, The University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA;2. Kennesaw State University, Kennesaw 30144, Georgia, USA;3. School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta 30332-0355, Georgia, USA;4. G.W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta 30332-0405, Georgia, USA;5. Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI), Charlotte, NC 28262-8550, USA |
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| Abstract: | Difference frequency acoustic wave from nonlinear interaction of two primary acoustic waves at frequencies of 76 and 114 kHz was utilized with a parametric acoustic array theory to estimate the nonlinearity parameter of water-saturated sandy sediment. Such nonlinearity parameter can be used as background information for the nonlinear acoustic investigation of bottom or sub-bottom profiling in the ocean sandy sediments. Because of its lower attenuation the difference frequency acoustic wave method can be usefully applied to estimate the nonlinearity parameter of ocean sediment in the ocean as well as under laboratory conditions. The nonlinearity parameter β for the water-saturated sandy sediment used as a reference in this study was estimated as β = 80.5 ± 5.1 at the difference frequency of 38 kHz. It was agreed very well with that estimated at the difference frequency of 67 kHz, when two primary frequencies were 137 and 204 kHz. The estimated nonlinearity parameter of water-saturated sandy sediment in this study was also compared and analyzed with those estimated in previously published literatures. It was suggested that the difference frequency wave method used to estimate the nonlinearity parameter of water-saturated sandy sediment can be employed as a good method to estimate the nonlinearity parameters of fluid-like granular media. |
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