Brightening of triplet dark excitons by atomic hydrogen adsorption in single-walled carbon nanotubes observed by photoluminescence spectroscopy

Adsorption and desorption of atomic hydrogen on single-walled carbon nanotubes were observed by photoluminescence spectroscopy. A satellite peak appeared at the lower energy side of the E11 photoluminescence emission peak after exposure to atomic hydrogen and then disappeared after annealing at 300?°C in vacuum. The energy difference between the satellite peak and E11 peak was 40-80 meV, depending on the tube diameter. The satellite peak was attributed to the triplet dark exciton that became optically active because of the effectively enhanced spin-orbit interaction induced by adsorbed hydrogen atoms.