1.Key Laboratory of Eco-Textiles, Ministry of Education,Jiangnan University,Wuxi,China;2.Fiber and Polymer Science Program, Department of Textile Engineering, Chemistry and Science,North Carolina State University,Raleigh,USA;3.Key Laboratory of Textile Fabric, College of Textiles and Clothing,Anhui Polytechnic University,Wuhu,China
Abstract:
Tin (Sn) has been considered as an attractive anode material for sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) due to its high theoretical capacity (847 mAh g?1). Nevertheless, its low conductivity and large volume change during cycling essentially prevent the possibility of high capacity and long-term cycle for SIBs. In this work, Sn nanoparticles are well embedded into the highly ordered mesoporous carbon (CMK-3) matrix (Sn@CMK-3) using a facile sonochemical method combined with heat treatment. The resultant Sn@CMK-3 nanohybrid electrode delivers an initial charge capacity of 412 mAh g?1 at 100 mA g?1. A reversible capacity of 337 mAh g?1 is obtained after 200 cycles, indicating the good cycle stability of the nanohybrid structure. The electrode also shows a potential rate capability, which maintains a capacity of 228 mAh g?1 at 1000 mA g?1. When the current density returns to 50 mA g?1, the capacity goes back to 381 mAh g?1, with a capacity retention of 86.9%. The enhanced sodium storage performance of Sn@CMK-3 nanohybrid can be related to the synergistic effect between CMK-3 and Sn.
Graphical abstract Sn@CMK-3 nanohybrid with Sn nanoparticles uniformly distributed into the highly ordered mesoporous carbon matrix exhibited good cycling performance and rate capability.
