氮、 硼掺杂石墨烯活性位点及其在氧化反应中作用的研究进展

随着绿色化学的逐渐推广，碳材料作为最有前途的绿色无金属催化剂而备受关注。通过对石墨烯引入杂原子进行化学掺杂是目前最常用于改良碳材料催化活性的有效方法。从结构上看，掺杂石墨烯内特定活性物种在催化过程中起到活性位点的作用，且催化剂的催化活性随活性位点含量增加而增强。且其内部活性位点含量可通过改变制备方法中制备条件实现调控，这有助于开发具有高催化活性的掺杂石墨烯催化剂。本文综述了氮掺杂石墨烯和硼掺杂石墨烯内可作为活性位点的官能团，提出制备方法对活性位点含量的影响，并讨论了内部活性位点在氧化反应中的作用。最后对未来研究方向提出了建议和展望，为开发更高效掺杂石墨烯催化剂提供了思路。

Research Progress on Active Sites of Nitrogen and Boron Doped Graphene and Their Roles in Oxidation Reactions

With the gradual popularization of green chemistry, carbon materials as the most promising green metal-free catalysts have attracted much attention. Chemical doping of graphene by introducing heteroatoms is the most commonly used method to improve the catalytic activity of carbon materials. From the perspective of structure, the active species with specific high charge and spin density in doped graphene act as the active sites in the catalytic process, and the catalytic activity of the catalyst is positively correlated with the content of the active sites. Moreover, the content of active sites in the preparation method can be adjusted by changing the preparation conditions, which is conducive to the development of doped graphene catalysts with high catalytic activity. In this paper, the functional groups that can be used as active sites in nitrogen-doped graphene and boron-doped graphene are reviewed, and the effects of preparation methods on the content of active sites are proposed, and the role of internal active sites in oxidation reactions is discussed. In the end, some suggestions and prospects for future research are given, which provide ideas for developing more efficient doping graphene catalysts.