利用高压水射流技术制备天然橡胶复合材料

首先利用超声空化作用将炭黑团聚体破碎、切割、分散在水中制得炭黑悬浮液,然后在高速射流场中,炭黑悬浮液被高速射流卷吸到天然胶乳中,在射流边界,由于二者存在极大的速度差,而形成一个湍流混合层,炭黑在湍流拉伸、剪切作用下微观分散到天然胶乳中.结果表明,与传统干法工艺相比,射流工艺可以使炭黑更均匀的分散到天然橡胶基体中.Payne效应结果表明射流工艺减弱了炭黑与炭黑之间的相互作用,增强了炭黑与橡胶之间的相互作用.同时射流工艺制备的复合材料硫化时间变短,硫化程度增加,硫化胶的撕裂强度提高了78%,回弹性提高了20%,DIN磨耗减小了33%.动态力学性能结果表明,射流工艺制备的复合材料在60℃左右具有更低的损耗因子.

PREPARATION OF NATURAL RUBBER COMPOSITES BY HIGH PRESSURE JET TECHNOLOGY

A novel strategy of jet technology is developed to prepare rubber composites filled with carbon black.The carbon black aggregates were first dispersed into water by ultrasonic effect.Then in the high speed jet flow field,the carbon black suspension was dispersed into natural rubber latex.The carbon black particles were dispersed microscopically in the natural rubber latex by the turbulent tensile and shear force.High performance of natural rubber/carbon black composites is gained by latex compounding technique.The results showed that carbon black particles were uniformly dispersed into natural rubber by jet technology.And the interaction between carbon black was weakened,and the carbon-rubber interaction was enhanced.Compared to the properites of composites prepared by dry method,the tear strength and rebound of the composites prepared by jet technology were increased by 78% and 20%,respectively.The DIN abrasion loss of the obtained composites was decreased by 33%.The dynamic mechanical properties showed that the composites prepared by jet technology had lower loss factor at about 60 ℃.