An efficient method to synthesize TNAD by the nitration of 1,4,5,8- tetraazabicyclo-[4,4,0]-decane with N20s and acidic ionic liquids

An experimental study was carried out on the direct nitration of 1,4,5,8-tetraaza-bicyclo-4,4,0]-decane to synthesize 1,4,5,8-tetranitro-1,4,5,8-tetraazabicyclo-4,4,0]-decane(TNAD) with N2O5 catalyzed by acidic ionic liquids. Various ionic liquids, such as HMim]X, (CH2)4SO3HMim]X and Capl]X(X = pTSO, NO3, HSO4), and various parameters such as equivalents of ionic liquid, molar ratio of N2O5 to the starting material, reaction time and temperature, and solvent were investigated. Ionic liquid (CH2)4SO3HMim]HSO4 showed better catalytic activity. In the presence of 3% molar ratio of (CH2)4SO3HMim]HSO4 ionic liquid to the staring material, the yield of 1,4,5,8-tetranitro-1,4,5,8-tetraazabicyclo-4,4,0]-decane was improved by 6.2% compared to the system without ionic liquid.