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Functionalisation of Graphene Sensor Surfaces for the Specific Detection of Biomarkers |
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| Authors: | Laura von Lüders Rita Tilmann Dr Kangho Lee Dr Cian Bartlam Dr Tanja Stimpel-Lindner Dr Tarja K Nevanen Dr Kristiina Iljin Dr Kathrin C Knirsch Prof Dr Andreas Hirsch Prof Dr Georg S Duesberg |
| Institution: | 1. Institute of Physics, EIT 2, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology, University of the Bundeswehr Munich & SENS Research Center, Werner-Heisenberg-Weg 39, 85 577 Neubiberg, Germany;2. VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, Tietotie 2, 02150 Espoo, Finland;3. Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg, Nikolaus-Fiebiger-Straße 10, 91058 Erlangen, Germany |
| Abstract: | We report on a controllable and specific functionalisation route for graphene field-effect transistors (GFETs) for the recognition of small physiologically active molecules. Key element is the noncovalent functionalisation of the graphene surface with perylene bisimide (PBI) molecules directly on the growth substrate. This Functional Layer Transfer enables the homogeneous self-assembly of PBI molecules on graphene, onto which antibodies are subsequently immobilised. The sensor surface was characterised by atomic force microscopy, Raman spectroscopy and electrical measurements, showing superior performance over conventional functionalisation after transfer. Specific sensing of small molecules was realised by monitoring the electrical property changes of functionalised GFET devices upon the application of methamphetamine and cortisol. The concentration dependent electrical response of our sensors was determined down to a concentration of 300 ng ml−1 for methamphetamine. |
| Keywords: | Antibody-Antigen System Biosensors Functional Layer Transfer Graphene Noncovalent Functionalization |